Combined radiator and boiler



May 18, 1965 F. CARR COMBINED RADIATOR AND BOILER 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 21, 1963 L# 2 A f a a U 4 M. ww.,. @.@m i s@ I ww@ :25 7 w Il u @#96545 .f i.' ,k S 3 e u @I 3 n2 H May 18, 1965 F. CARR 3,184,165

COMBINED RADIATOR AND BOILER Filed June 2l, 1963 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed June 2l, 1963k United States Patent C 3,184,l65 COMBINED RADXATUR AND BOILER Frederick Carr, Birmingham, England, assigner, by niesne assignments, to Servotoinic Limited, Aston, Birmingham, England Filed June 21, 1963, Ser. No. 239,483 Claims priority, application Great Britain, Enne 23, 1962, 2.4,237/62 and 24,238/62 9 Claims. (Cl. 237-17) This invention relates to a combined radiator and liquid heater and especially to such a heater which includes a heat generator adapted to use iiuid fuel, such as gas and oil, and which may be used alone or as part of a heating installation in conjunction with one or more radiators adapted to receive heated liquid from the heater. The invention also relates to such installations.

In central heating installations it is the practice to provide a boiler, tired by any appropriate fuel or elec- -trically heated, and to connect the boiler by an appropriate pipe circuit to one or more radiators located in the situation or situations where heat radiation is required, the heated fluid, usually water, circulating by convection and/ or by means of a pump. In a domestic installation the boiler may be in a kitchen, where it may or may not be required to serve as a space heater, or it may be a so-called back boiler incorporated in the structure of an open lire grate in one of the lower rooms. There has also arisen the practice of installing such a domestic boiler outside the premises. In commercial premises the boiler may be located in a basement and in the larger installations it may be in a specially constructed chamber. Such systems involve relatively complicated pipe runs which are generally particularly troublesome to instal in an existing building and necessarily involve several if not many bends and long horizontal runs which tend to reduce the eiciency of installation. Moreover the single boiler has to remain in operation so long as any one radiator is required to be in service.

Although such a single centralised uid heater or boiler may be preferable for practical and economical reasons when solid fuel is used, fuels such as gas and oil lend themselves to being burned efficiently in relatively small quantities and this invention envisages circumstances where advantages could be obtained by the providing, instead of one large installation incorporating a single central iluid heater, a number of smaller installations each incorporating its own fluid heater with the radiator or radiators of each such installation closely grouped with .the associated heater. The invention also envisages that such smaller installations can be used in domestic premises where ease of installation and comparatively small capacity are required.

It is an object of the invention to provide a combined radiator and liquid heater which is suitable for smaller central heating installations.

It is another object of the invention to provide a heating installation using such a combined liquid heater and radiator.

According to one aspect of the invention a combined liquid heater and radiator comprises two double-walled panels adapted to contain liquid in their interiors, the panels lying parallel to one another when the heater is in use and being spaced apart to provide between them a combustion chamber, a burner for uid (or fluidized) fuel in the combustion chamber, an air inlet, an outlet for the products of combustion and interconnecting means for placing the interiors of the panels in communication with one another for the passage of liquid between said interiors, the panels being mounted so as to be movable relative t-o one another to provide access to .the combustion chamber.

Preferably, the Walls of the panels are made from thin :iigidf Patented May i8, IESS sheet metal and the parts of the walls lying in the cornbustion chamber are either made from, or coated with, corrosion-resisting material. Where such parts are coated with corrosion-resisting material this may conveniently be in the form of a paint.

Conveniently, the panels are rectangular or approximately so.

In one embodiment the air inlet and/or the outlet for the products of combustion pass through one of the panels. The combustion chamber may be defined between the adjacent faces of the panels by a peripheral Wall extending across the gap between said adjacent faces.

In another embodiment the outlet for the products of combustion may be provided in the peripheral wall. Substantially the whole of the peripheral wall may be mounted on one of the panels and be adapted to seal against the adjacent face of the other panel. Alternatively, the peripheral wall may be divided into two parts on a plane parallel to the panels and spaced between said adjacent faces, the .two parts of the wall being mounted one yon each panel and being adapted to mutually seal when the heater is in use and to be moved apart when the panels are moved to provide access to the combustion chamber. The peripheral wall, or the separate parts thereof, may be integral with one or both panels as the case may be.

If desired,'the peripheral wall may be hollow and its interior may be adapted to contain liquid and to be in communication with the interior of at least one of the panels. A liquid heating tube may be located in the combustion chamber between the burner and the outlet by being secured -to one of the panels, the interior of the tube being in communication with :the interior of the panel .to which it is secured. This tube may act as a bale between th burner and the outlet and assist in eihcient heating of the liquid in the panels.

At least part of the peripheral Wall may be inset from the boundary edges of the panels to reduce the risk of accidental contact by a user with its high temperature surface.

The interconnecting means between the interiors of the panels may comprise tubular connectors extending across the combustion chamber and including liquid-tight sealed joints arranged to open as the panels are moved to obtain access to the combustion chamber` Such joints may include two telescoped tubes which are sealed by an O-ring interposed between the tubes. Alternatively, the interconnecting means may comprise tubular connectors extending between the panels outside the combustion chamber, the connectors including joints Which can be released and remade. Where tubular connectors are used, it will be necessary to drain the panels before they are moved to obtain access to the combustion chamber.

In order to avoid the necessity for such draining, the interconnecting means may be arranged to retain the interiors of the panels in communication with one another while the latter are moved to give access to the combustion chamber. In such a construction the panels may be hinged together and the interconnecting means may be formed by bellows-type or other flexible or expansible couplings. Alternatively, when the panels are hinged together the interconnecting means may comprise swingtype packed joints each including two members, which execute relative telescoping movement as the panels are moved, and liquid-tight packing between the members. Such liquid-tight packing may comprise a rolling diaphragm extending between the free ends of the members.

Alternatively, the interconnecting means may be incorporated in hinge means by which the panels are mechanically coupled together.

Where the liquid heater and radiator is connected to other radiators, it may be necessary to proportion the ow of cool water entering the heater between the two panels thereof to retain these at approximately equal temperatures. According to another feature of the invention, therefore, the liquid heater and radiator includes an inlet for liquid to be heated and a flow proportioner adjustable to vary the quantity of such liquid admitted to each panel. Where the panels are hinged together, the ow proportioner may be located in one of the hinge means which mechanically couple the panels together, the hinge means having two superposed parts relatively pivotable about a vertical axis and the oW proportioner comprising a vertical tube passing through the lower of said parts into the upper part and being vertically adjustable to vary said quantity. l

According to another aspect of the invention, a heatmg installation comprises a combined liquid heater and radiator according to the first aspect of the invention and one or more additional radiators connected to at least one of the panels and fed with hot liquid therefrom Preferably, not more than three additional radiators are provided in the installation.

Where only one additional radiator is provided, this may be arranged substantially at the same level as Vand close to the combined liquid heater and radiator and connected thereto by two horizontal pipes.

Alternatively, when only one additional radiator is provided this may be located above the combined liquid heater and radiator and connected thereto by two substantially vertical pipes.

Where three additional radiators are provided, the first such radiator may be located above the combined liquid heater and radiator and connected thereto by substantially vertical pipes, the second such radiator may be located at the same level as said first radiator and the third such radiator may be located at the same level as the combined liquid heater and radiator and connected thereto by substantially horizontal pipes.

If only two additional radiators are provided, these may occupy any two of the locations specified for the three additionalV radiators mentioned above.

The combined liquidV heater and radiator may be installed in one room close to a Wall and an additional radiator may be installed in an adjoining room close to the same Wall with short connecting pipes extending throughfthek wall.

The invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

FIGUREy 1 is a front view of a combined liquid heater and radiator embodying the invention with one of the panels removed;

FIGURE 2 is a sectional plan view on the line 2*2 of FIGURE l with both panels in place;

FIGURE 3' is a diagrammatic view of a central heating installation including a combined liquid heater and radiator as shown in FIGURES 1 and 2;

FIGUREV 4 is a sectional View of one of the hinges` which mechanically couple the panels together in FIG- URESl andv 2;

FIGURE 5 is a sectional view of a hinge similar to that shown in FIGURE 4 but including a flow proportioner;

FIGURE 6 is a perspective view showing the means whereby the panels may be secured together;

FIGURE 7 shows a tubular coupling between the interiors of the panels;

FIGURE 8V shows an alternative bellows-type coupling between the interiors of the panels; v

FIGURE 9 shows a swing-type packed joint between the interiors of the panels;

FIGURE l0 is a detailed section showing the sealing between the free edge of the peripheral Wall and one of the panels;

FIGURE 1l is a detail section showing the sealing between the parts of the peripheral wall when the latter is made in two parts;

' The panels are dimpled and/ or ribbed to increase the surface area of the panels.

The panel 24B is adapted to be fixed in position upon installation and the panel 21 is adapted to be moved re1- ative to the panel 20. The panels are hinged together by hinges 22 which are shown in detail in FIGURE 4. Referring to that figure, the panel 20 has secured thereto by welding a block 23 Which has a bore 24 communicating with the interior of the panel 2t). The block is also bored vertically at 25 and receives one end of a sleeve Z6, the sleeve being sealed in position in the bore 25 by means ofa ring seal 27. The panel 21 carries a similar block 28 which isV provided with a horizontal bore 29 which communicates with the interior of the panel 21 and with a vertical bore 30, in which the other end of the sleeve 26v is received, the sleeve 26 being sealed in the bore 36 by means of a ring seal 31. The arrangement is such that the panels may hinge about a vertical axis coincident with the axes of the bores 25 and 36 so that the front panel 21 may swing in a clockwise direction as viewed in FIGURE 2 away from the panel 20. Due to the construction of the hinges the interiors of the panels remain in communication during such movement through the interconnecting means constituted by the hinges. The panel 20 is provided with four pipe connections at its corners, one such connection being indicated at 32 in FIGURE 4.

Returning now to FIGURES 1 and 2, the panels dene between their adjacent faces a combustion chamber 33 at the lower edge of which is provided a gas burner 34 in the formA of an elongated tube with burner nozzles spaced longitudinally therealong and directed upwardly. The combustion chamber is defined along its lateral edges and. at the top by means of a peripheral Wall 35 which is provided by a iiange of Vangle members 36 which are secured' to the inner face of the panel 20. The peripheral' wall is inset from this lateral and top boundaries of the panel 20 as is clearly shown in FIGURE 1. The upper part of the peripheral wall includes a sight glass 37 so that operation of the burner can be observed.

The burner is provided with conventional controls including a thermostat assembly 38, a gas relay valve 39, a llame failure valve 4u, and a weep jet 41. These are conventional controls for gas burners and will not be described in detail. Y

An air inlet is provided at the bottom of the combustion chamber through a box 42v which is fed from an air inlet pipe 43 and discharges alongside the burner at 44. An outlet 45 is arranged adjacent the top of the combustion chamber` to allow the products of combustion to escape from the chamber. A liquid heating pipe 46 is arranged at an angle to the horizontal within the combustion chamber between the burner 34 and the outlet 45. Its ends are connected by pipes (or holes) 47 to the interior of the panel 2t). The liquid heating tube is welded in position on the face of the panel 2t). y

The panels are retained in the positions shown in FIG- URE 2 by means of releasable connecting means shown in detail in FIGURE 6. Channel members 48 are secured to the inner face of the panel 20 and angle members 49 are connected to the inner face of the panel 21. Apertures Sti are provided in the members and a locking bolt and wing nut 5I are passed through each pair of apertures so that the panels may be drawn together.

Thecornbustion chamber is sealed around the edge of the peripheral wall bydmeans of Vasbestos string or packing 52 (see FIGURE 10) received in an angle member lmercially available corrosion resisting compositions.

u 53 secured to the internal surface of the panel 21. The edge 54 of the peripheral wall 3S seals against the asbestos packing 52 when the nuts and bolts 5l are tightened. A similar arrangement is provided along the bottom of the combustion chamber by means of a flange 55 which extends outwardly from a side wall 56 which shrouds the burner. The edge of the flange 55 is received in an angle member 53 in a similar manner as described above.

Referring now to FIGURE 3, the combined liquid heater and radiator of FIGURES 1 and 2 is indicated in position in a house at 57. The end of the radiator is against an external wall and the air inlet 43 and the outlet 46 for the products of combustion are connected to pass through the wall. The combined heater radiator is connected to a iirst additional radiator 5S at the same level as the combined heater radiator 57 and is connected thereto by means of short horizontal pipes 59 passing through a partition wall on each side of which the radiators S7 and 5S are connected. Two further radiators 60 and 61 are arranged in the upper part of the house and are connected to the radiators 57 and 58 respectively by short runs of vertical pipes. The connections to the combined liquid heater radiator 57 are made via the back panel through the required number of connections 32 as shown in FIG- URE 4.

The operation of the system is self-evident, the liquid in the panels 20, 21 being heated by the burner 34 and circulating around the additional radiators 58, 60 and 61. The water heating tube 46 provides a baffle in the combustion chamber to prevent the products of combustion from passing straight out of the outlet 45 and ensures that eiiicient heat transfer takes place between the products of combustion and the adjacent walls of the panels. The movement of the water heated in the pipe also increases the circulation etiiciency of the system.

It is a feature of the invention that the parts of the adjacent surfaces of the panels 26 and 21 which are exposed to the interior of the combustion chamber are either :made of, or coated with, corrosion inhibiting material. In practice, it is economical to make the panels of thin sheet steel as mentioned above and to coat the parts exposed to the combustion chamber with a corrosion inhibiting paint such as a suspension of zinc powder in an aqueous solution of sodium silicate or with other com- It is possible to use thin metal for the walls of the panels since it is extremely easy to re-coat the parts in the combustion chamber with corrosion inhibiting paint merely by slackening the bolts 51, moving the front panel 21 away from the rear panel 20, cleaning the walls of the combustion chamber and then repainting them with corrosion resisting paint. In previous boilers, although the heating surfaces have been so protected, once the boiler has been assembled it is not possible to gain access to the surfaces to repaint them except by a long and costly disassembly of the boiler which is not economically feasible. For this reason, conventional boilers have been made with thick metal walls to withstand the corrosion after the corrosion coating has worn off. With the combined liquid heater and radiator of the present invention it is extremely simple to gain access to the burner for maintenance purposes or to the walls of the combustion chamber for cleaning or recoating as mentioned above. If desired, it would be possible to make the adjacent faces of the panels of corrosion resisting material such, for example, as 18/8 stainless steel but for cost reasons it is desirable to coat the insides of the combustion chamber which have been made from normal steel. It will be appreciated that there is a great saving in cost of material by being able to use such thin material for the walls of the combustion chamber.

One, two, or three radiators may be used and these may be connected in any of the positions shown in FIG- TURF. 3 for the three additional radiators there shown. Thus if one additional radiator is to be used it may be fil connected at the position of radiator 58 or 60. If two additional radiators are used they may be connected in the positions of radiators 5S and 6i] or of radiators 60 and 61.

Various modifications of the invention will now be described with reference to the remaining figures. When the cool water enters the heater through a connection such as 32 in FIGURE 4, it is sometimes found that the majority of the cool water passes straight into the rear panel 20 and only a minor proportion of water passes into the front panel 21. When this happens, the front panel gets extremely hot and the rear panel runs too cool. In order to avoid this problem, which may arise especially if a pump is used to circulate the water although normally a pump is not required, a iiow proportioner may be provided as shown in FIGURE 5. Referring to this figure, the cool water is introduced into the heater through a vertical pipe 62 which extends through the lower wall 63 of the block 63a secured to the panel 20. The tube 62 passes up through a screwed sleeve 64 secured to the wall 63 and through a packing 64a which is clamped around the pipe 62 by means of a nut 64b. The pipe 62 may be slid vertically in the packing and clamped in any posi-tion by means of tightening the nut 64b. By adjusting the vertical position of the top orice of the pipe 62, the distribution of water between the panels 20 and 21 may be controlled. Some of the water will flow from the orifice of the pipe 62 through the block 65 into the panel 21 and some of the water passes down outside the pipe 62 through lthe sleeve 66 into the block 63a and into the panel 2t). The higher the free end of the pipe 62 is placed in the hinge, the more Water will pass into the front panel 21 and the less into the rear panel 20. It will be appreciated that by adjusting the position of the free end of the pipe 62 the relative temperatures of the panels 20 and 21 can be adjusted and, if desired, made equal.

While in the preferred construction, the panels 20 and 21 are hinged together, it is possible to have them connected together by other means. One such interconnecting means is shown in FIGURE 7 and is in the form of tubular connecting means passing between the panels outside the combustion chamber. The tubular connecting means consists of a pipe 67 attached to the panel 20 and a further pipe 68 attached to the panel 21, the pipe 68 carries a union nut 69 which is arranged to screw onto the pipe 67 clamp an O-r-ing 70 around the pipe 68 which is received within the pipe 67. Two or more of these connectors will be used between the panels and to gain laccess lto the combustion chamber it would iirst be necessary to drain the panels for which purpose a drain tap would be fitted. After the panels had been drained, the tubular connectors could be disconnected by slackening the nuts 69 and withdrawing the pipes 68 from the pipes 67. Any maintenance or service work which was required could then be done and the whole reassembled and the joints remade.

In FIGURE 8 is shown a further embodiment in which, although the panels are hinged together, the interconnecting means for the liquid is not constituted by the interior of the hinge means. Thus referring to FIGURE 8, the panels 2@ and 21 are connected together by a hinge (not shown) and a bellows-type expansible coupling 72 is connected between stub pipes 73 projecting from adjacent faces of the panels 2t) and 2li. With this arrangement, yaccess to the combustion chamber can be obtained without the need to drain the panels merely by undoing the releasable locking means and pivoting the panel 21 away from the panel 2t) thus extending the bellows joint 72.

Referring now to FIGURE 9, there is shown a further type of interconnecting means between the two panels in the form of a swing-type packed joint. This joint comprises a tube 74 connected to the panel 21 and a further tube 75 connected to the panel 20. The tube 75 is telescoped within the tube 74 and a rolling diaphragm 76 has its ends connected to the free ends 77 and 78 of the pipes 74 and 75 respectively. As viewed in plan, the pipes 74 and 75 are curved about the centre of curvature of the hinge means which mechanically connects the panels. As the panels are swung open or closed, the tubes 74, 75 move telescopically within each other thus extending the diaphragm 76. The interiors of the panels are therefore retained in communication as access is had to the combustion chamber.

Referring now to FIGURE 11, there is shown an alternative arrangement in which the peripheral wall of the combustion chamber is not substantially wholly connected to one of the panels, i.e. the panel 20 in FIGURES 1 and 2, but is divided into two parts about a plane parallel to the panels and spaced between them. Thus the wall comprises two parts 79 and 80 which are secured'to the panels 20 and 21 respectively. The adjacent edges of the parts 79 and 80 are hollowed as at 81 and a sealing medium 82 such as asbestos string or packing is gripped between the two hollowed out portions 31 as the panels are brought together.

Various other modifications can also be made. The first of such modifications is that the air inlet and/ or the outlet for the products of Vcombustion may pass through one of the panelsl as shown in FIGURE 13. For example, the combustion chamber may be mounted centrally on the panel 2,0 and the air inlet 83 .and the outlet 84 for products of combustion may also be central of the panel and pass through the panel. Obviously this would be advantageous if it were desired to fix the panel in front of a fireplace so that the products of Vcombustion went up the chimney.

A further modification is the interconnecting ofthe l interiors ofthe panels by means of tubular connectors located within the combustion chamber. Such tubular connectors consist of two pipes 85 and 86 telescoping one within the other as shown in FIGURE 12 and an O-ring seal 87 between the adjacent surfaces of the pipes to seal the gap between them. These connections are automatically made and broken as the panels are moved together and moved apart and in this construction it would be necessary to drain the panels before they were moved apart to have access to the combustion chamber.

In a yet further modification, also shown in FIGURE 13, the peripheral wall 88 of the combustion chamber is made hollow and, where substantially the whole of the wall is secured to the panel 20 as in FIGURE 13 the wall is in communication with the interior of the panel.V Where the peripheral wall is split as shown in FIGURE l1, the two parts of the wall could be hollow and each part could communicate with the panel to which it is secured. Y If desired, a fan may be installed as part of the liquid heater and radiator to produce a forced draught for the burner.

It will be appreciated that, by means of the invention, a combined liquid heater and radiator may be made cheaply from thin steel and may easily be maintained due to access being available to the combustion chamber to recoat it with corrosion resisting material and to serviceV the burner. Due to its low cost and simplicity, the invention will be able to bring the price of central heating installations down where only a small installation is required. Also, as mentioned above, where it is now normal ing between said adjacent faces and defining the periphery to provide a large installation serving a large number of lation; a combustion chambertherebetween, and defined Y in part by, said adjacent faces; a peripheral wall extendof the combustion chamber; a burner for uid fuel in the combustion chamber; an air inlet to the burner; an outlet from the combustion chamber for products of combustion; and interconnecting means between the panels placing the interiors thereof in communication with one another to allow the passage of liquid therebetween, said interconnecting means comprising two opposed tubes in alignment extending from the adjacent faces and an extensible bellows connection interposed between said tubes; the hinge means having a second position in which the panels are not parallel thus to provide access to the combustion chamber and the bellows connection extending during movement of the hinge means from the first position to the second position and continuing to place the interiors of the panels in communication in the second position.

2. A combined liquid heater and radiator comprising two double-walled panels, the walls of each panel being spaced to provide a liquid containing interior to the panel; hinge means interposed between the panels and having a first position in which the panels are held parallel and face to face with their adjacent faces in spaced apart relation; a combustion chamber therebetween, and defined in part by, said adjacent faces; a peripheral wall extending between said adjacent faces and defining the periphery of the combustion chamber; a burner for iiuid fuel in the combustion chamber; an air inlet to the burner; an outlet from the combustion chamber for products of combustion; and interconnecting means between the panels placing the interiors thereof in communication with one another to allow the passage of liquid therebetween, such interconnecting means including two members in telescopic relation and a liquid tight rolling diaphragm between the ends of said members; the hinge means having a second position in which the panels are not parallel thus to provide access to the combustion cham-ber, said members executing telescopic movement during movement of the hinge means between the first and second positions.

3. A combined liquid heater and radiator comprising two double-walled panels, the walls of each panel being spaced to provide a liquid containing interiorV to the panel; hinge means interposed between the panels and having a rst position in which the panels are held parallel and face to face with their adjacent faces in spaced apart relation; a. combustion chamber therebetween, and defined in part by, said .adjacent faces; a peripheral wall extending between said adjacent faces and defining the periphery of the combustion chamber; a burner for uid fuel in the combustion chamber; an air inlet to the burner; an outlet from the combustion chamber for products of combustion, said outlet passing through the peripheral wall; passages for liquid in the hinge means placing the interiors of the panels in` communication with one another to allow the passage of liquid therebetween; the hinge means having a second position in which the panels are not parallel thus to allow access to the combustion chamber; a flow proportioner in the hinge means, said hinge means including two superposed parts relatively pivotable about a vertical axis and the iow proportioner including a vertical pipe passing through the lower of said parts into the upper part and being vertically adjustable therein, said liquid passages being formed in said parts.

4. A combined liquid heater and radiator comprising two double-walled panels, the walls of each panel being spaced to provide a liquid containing interior to the panel; mounting means interposed between the panels and having a first state in which the panels are held parallel and face to face with their adjacent faces in spaced apart relation; a combustion chamber therebetween, and defined in part by, said adjacent faces; a peripheral wall extending between'the adjacent faces and defining the periphery of the combustion chamber; a burner for iiuid fuel in the combustion chamber; an air inlet to the burner; an

outlet from the combustion chamber for the products of combustion said outlet passing through the peripheral wall; interconnecting means between the panels placing the interiors thereof in communication with one another to allow the passage of liquid therebetween; an inlet for liquid to the heater; and a ow proportioner associated with said inlet and adjustable to vary the quantity of liquid admitted to each of said panels.

5. A liquid heater and radiator comprising, in cornbination:

(a) two double-walled panels, the walls of each panel being spaced to define therebetween an interior space adapted to contain a liquid, each panel having a normally vertical outer wall;

(b) cooperating mounting means xedly secured to each of said panels, the mounting means of said panels engaging each other and coupling said panels for relative movement toward and away from a position in which said outer walls are substantially parallel and opposite each other in spaced apart relation, and detine therebetween a combustion space;

(c) a burner in said combustion space; and

(d) interconnecting means placing the interior spaces of said panels in communication during said relative movement of said panels and when said panels are in said position.

6. A liquid heater and radiator as set forth in claim 5,

wherein said outer walls are of thin sheet metal, and a coating of corrosion resistant material on said walls.

7. A liquid heater and radiator as set forth in claim 5, wherein said mounting means include hinge means coupling said panels for pivotal movement.

8. A liquid heater and radiator as set forth in claim 5, wherein said mounting means include two hinge means respectively coupling two vertically spaced portions oi one panel to correspondingly spaced portions of the other panel for pivotal movement of said panels, said hinge means being each formed with a passage therethrough said passage having two end portions respectively communicating with the interior spaces of said two panels, said hinge means constituting said interconnecting means.

9. A liquid heater and radiator as set forth in claim 8, further comprising inlet means for admitting the liquid to be heated to said interior spaces, said inlet means including a tube member having an orifice arranged in said conduit, and movable in the same for adjusting the position of said orilice relative to said end portions of the conduit.

References Cited by the Examiner UNITED STATES PATENTS 161,964 4/75 Hungerford 122-497 586,045 7/97 Knowlton 237-l7 2,061,645 11/36 Behringer 165-77 2,742,268 4/56 Tarr 165-77 X EDWARD I. MICHAEL, Primary Examiner. 

5. A LIQUID HEATER AND RADIATOR COMPRISING, IN COMBINATION: (A) TWO DOUBLE-WALLED PANELS, THE WALLS OF EACH PANEL BEING SPACED TO DEFINE THEREBETWEEN AN INTERIOR SPACE ADAPTED TO CONTAIN A LIQUID, EACH PANEL HAVING A NORMALLY VERTICAL OUTER WALL; 